Liantenna tsa Microwave li fetolela matšoao a motlakase hore e be maqhubu a motlakase (le ka tsela e fapaneng) li sebelisa meaho e entsoeng ka nepo. Ts'ebetso ea bona e itšetlehile ka lintlha tse tharo tsa bohlokoa:
1. Phetoho ea Leqhubu la Motlakase
Mokhoa oa ho fetisa:
Mats'oao a RF ho tloha leetong la transmitter ka mefuta ea likhokahano tsa manakana (mohlala, SMA, mofuta oa N) ho ea sebakeng sa phepelo. Likarolo tsa conductive tsa manaka (linaka/dipoles) li etsa maqhubu hore e be maballo a lebileng.
Mokhoa oa ho Fumana:
Ketsahalo ea maqhubu a EM a kenya maqhubu ka har'a antenna, a fetoleloa ho matšoao a motlakase bakeng sa moamoheli.
2. Directivity & Radiation Control
Tsamaiso ea li-antenna e lekanya ho tsepamisa maikutlo holima. Antenna e holimo-limo (mohlala, horn) e tsepamisa matla li-lobes tse moqotetsane, tse laoloang ke:
Tsamaiso (dBi) ≈ 10 log₁₀(4πA/λ²)
Moo A = sebaka se bulehileng, λ = bolelele ba maqhubu.
Lihlahisoa tsa antenna tsa Microwave joalo ka lijana tsa parabolic li fihlella>30 dBi directivity bakeng sa lihokelo tsa satellite.
3. Likaroloana tsa Bohlokoa le Mesebetsi ea Tsona
| Karolo | Mosebetsi | Mohlala |
|---|---|---|
| Radiating Element | E fetola matla a motlakase-EM | Patch, dipole, slot |
| Feed Network | Maqhubu a tataisang a nang le tahlehelo e fokolang | Waveguide, microstrip line |
| Likaroloana tsa Passive | Ntlafatsa botšepehi ba pontšo | Phase shifters, polarizers |
| Lihokelo | Sehokelo se nang le likhoele tsa phetiso | 2.92mm (40GHz), 7/16 (High Pwr) |
4. Moralo o Khethehileng oa Khafetsa
<6 GHz: Li-antenna tsa Microstrip li laola boholo ba compact.
> 18 GHz: Manaka a Waveguide a ipabola bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea tahlehelo e tlase.
Ntho e Bohlokoa: Ho bapisa ho senyehe ho lihokelo tsa antenna ho thibela ho bonahatsa (VSWR <1.5).
Lisebelisoa tsa 'Nete tsa Lefatše:
5G Massive MIMO: Li-Microstrip arrays tse nang le likarolo tse sa sebetseng bakeng sa ho tsamaisa marako.
Lits'ebetso tsa Radar: Ts'ebetso e phahameng ea antenna e netefatsa ho lateloa ho nepahetseng ha sepheo.
Li-Satellite Comms: Lits'oants'o tsa Parabolic li fihlela katleho ea 99% ea ho bula.
Qetello: Liantenna tsa microwave li itšetlehile ka molumo oa motlakase oa motlakase, mefuta e nepahetseng ea sehokelo sa antenna, le tataiso e ntlafalitsoeng ea antenna ho fetisa/ho amohela matšoao. Lihlahisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa li-antenna tsa microwave li kopanya likarolo tse sa sebetseng ho fokotsa tahlehelo le ho holisa mefuta e mengata.
Ho ithuta haholoanyane ka li-antenna, ka kopo etela:
Nako ea poso: Aug-15-2025
