Sehlooho sena se fana ka tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng ea phetoho ea theknoloji ea li-antenna tsa setsi ho pholletsa le meloko ea puisano ea mehala, ho tloha 1G ho ea ho 5G. E latela hore na li-antenna li fetohile joang ho tloha ho li-transceivers tse bonolo ho ea ho litsamaiso tse tsoetseng pele tse nang le bokhoni bo bohlale joalo ka beamforming le Massive MIMO.
**Core Technological Evolution by Generation**
| Nako | Theknoloji ea Bohlokoa le Lintlafatso | Boleng ba Mantlha & Tharollo |
| **1G** | Li-antenna tsa Omnidirectional, mefuta-futa ea sebaka | Ho fanoe ka litaba tsa motheo; uplink e ntlafalitsoeng ka phapano ea sebaka le tšitiso e nyane ka lebaka la sebaka se seholo sa liteishene. |
| **2G** | Li-antenna tsa tataiso (sectorization), li-antenna tse peli-polarized | Matla a eketsehileng le mefuta e mengata ea tšireletso; dual-polarization e nolofalelitse antenna e le 'ngoe ho nkela tse peli sebaka, ho boloka sebaka le ho nolofalletsa ho tsamaisoa ha denser. |
| **3G** | Li-antenna tse ngata-ngata, li-antenna tsa motlakase tse hōle (RET), li-antenna tse ngata | E tšehelitsoe ka lihlopha tse ncha tsa maqhubu, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo le tlhokomelo ea sebaka; e nolofalitse ts'ebetso ea hole le bokhoni bo atolositsoeng libakeng tse hotspots. |
| **4G** | Li-antenna tsa MIMO (4T4R/8T8R), li-antenna tse nang le li-port tse ngata, liqapi tse kopantsoeng tsa li-antenna-RRU | E ntlafalitse haholo ts'ebetso ea spectral le bokhoni ba sistimi; e bua ka ho phelisana ka mefuta e mengata ea mefuta e mengata le ho hola ho kopanya. |
| **5G** | Boholo ba MIMO AAU (Setsi sa Antenna se sebetsang) | E rarollotse liqholotso tsa mantlha tsa tšireletso e fokolang le tlhokahalo e phahameng ea bokhoni ka li-arrays tse kholo le sebopeho se hlakileng sa marang-rang. |
Tsela ena ea ho iphetola ha lintho e tsamaisitsoe ke tlhokahalo ea ho leka-lekanya litlhoko tse 'nè tsa mantlha: ts'ireletso khahlanong le bokhoni, kenyelletso e ncha ea spectrum khahlano le lisebelisoa tsa hardware, mathata a sebaka sa' mele ha a bapisoa le litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso, le ho rarahana ha ts'ebetso khahlanong le ho nepahala ha marang-rang.
Ha re shebile pele, mehla ea 6G e tla ntšetsa pele tsela e lebisang ho MIMO e kholo ka ho fetesisa, ka likarolo tsa antenna tse lebelletsoeng ho feta likete, ho theha theknoloji ea antenna joalo ka lejoe la sekhutlo la marang-rang a mehala e tlang. Boqapi ba theknoloji ea antenna bo bonahatsa ka ho hlaka tsoelo-pele e pharaletseng ea indasteri ea puisano ea mehala.
Ho ithuta haholoanyane ka li-antenna, ka kopo etela:
Nako ea poso: Oct-24-2025
